Off Leash Intel · loading
48 developments across 30 briefings for this country.
Latest linked intelligence
The Rapid Support Forces may launch an offensive against government-controlled El Obeid. The RSF has besieged the city for 18 months and quotes the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights urging both sides to stop the violence.
Unverified development · updated through
The Rapid Support Forces may launch an offensive against government-controlled El Obeid. The RSF has besieged the city for 18 months and quotes the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights urging both sides to stop the violence.
Open source reportGeography
Marker precision is disclosed on selection. Country and regional centroids show geographic scope, not an exact incident site.
Sudan dossier
43 mapped developments across 1 map positions. Centroid markers show geographic scope, not an exact incident site.
Sudan
Sudan suspended Al Arabiya, Al Hadath and Sky News Arabia over reporting it considered harmful or unprofessional. It connects the Sky News Arabia action to Sudanese accusations that the UAE supports the Rapid Support Forces, while characterizing the Saudi outlet suspensions as less expected.
Approximate map position: country centroid. The extracted place did not have provider-resolved coordinates.
Chronology
The paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) appears poised to launch an offensive on government-controlled El Obeid.
The Rapid Support Forces may launch an offensive against government-controlled El Obeid. The RSF has besieged the city for 18 months and quotes the UN High Commissioner for Human Rights urging both sides to stop the violence.
Open source reportHuman Rights Watch accused the UAE of funding and training Colombian mercenaries fighting alongside the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in Sudan's civil war. It's been well documented that Colombian fighters are backing the RSF, but this is the first compelling claim that the UAE hosted Colombians for training at an Emirati military base before deploying them to Sudan. The UAE denied the latest accusations
Human Rights Watch accused the UAE of funding and training Colombian fighters supporting the RSF, including training at an Emirati military base. The UAE’s denial.
Open source reportIdris's plan is unlikely to gain traction; For the paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) to agree to give up their arms and retreat to supervised camps.
The RSF is unlikely to surrender its gains and that Washington will favor a humanitarian truce rather than Idris’s proposal. The claimed U.S. position is not independently corroborated.
Open source reportSudan's Prime Minister, Kamil Idris, pitched a peace plan that he called "homemade - not imposed on us" to the UN Security Council (UNSC).
Prime Minister Kamil Idris proposed that the RSF disarm and withdraw to supervised camps. The RSF recently captured El Fasher and holds the advantage in Darfur.
Open source reportthe Integrated Food Security Phase Classification (IPC) - the world's leading authority on food crises - deemed El Fasher and a second Sudanese city, Kordofan's Kadugli, to be facing famine after monthslong RSF sieges.
The Integrated Food Security Phase Classification determined that El Fasher and Kadugli faced famine following prolonged RSF sieges.
Open source reportSatellite photos appeared to corroborate survivors' accounts that Sudan's paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) are carrying out systematic massacres of civilian men in El Fasher
Satellite imagery appeared to support survivor accounts of systematic killings of civilian men by the Rapid Support Forces after the group captured El Fasher.
Open source reportRSF chief Gen. Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (aka Hemedti) unconvincingly promised to investigate the concerning accusations against his troops, but the U.S., UN, and others are calling for urgent, genuine action to prevent what many fear could become another full-blown genocide in Darfur.
RSF commander Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo promised an investigation while the United States, United Nations and others called for urgent action amid fears of another genocide in Darfur. Dagalo’s promise is unconvincing.
Open source reportThe World Health Organization raised concerns over credible reports that Sudan's Rapid Support Forces (RSF) killed 460 people in the main hospital in El Fasher upon capturing the state capital from the army over the weekend.
The World Health Organization raised concern over reports that Rapid Support Forces personnel killed 460 people in El Fasher’s main hospital after capturing the state capital from the army. Broader allegations of ethnically targeted atrocities.
Open source reportThat would also boost the odds of a long-term stalemate splitting Sudan in two, with an army-run east and an RSF-controlled west. As always, reality surely lies somewhere between the extremes.
Consolidating RSF control in western Darfur could increase the probability of a long-term stalemate featuring an army-held east and RSF-controlled west, while cautioning that reality likely lies between the competing narratives.
Open source reportSudan's paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) said it had seized the army's Sixth Division Headquarters in El Fasher, Darfur. There are two conflicting narratives on the significance of the RSF's pronouncement.
An RSF claim that it seized the Sudanese army’s Sixth Division headquarters. Conflicting accounts over whether the facility was undefended and of limited value or represented the army’s last major bastion in western Sudan.
Open source reportneither the army nor the Rapid Support Forces seem ready to talk peace. Both deny that they're even engaging in indirect talks, and both continue to stock up on weapons
The Sudanese Armed Forces and Rapid Support Forces remain unwilling to negotiate, citing their denials of indirect talks; continued weapons acquisition.
Open source reportKhartoum's airport was slated to reopen for domestic flights tomorrow... but an overnight RSF drone attack looks likely to postpone the reopening.
An overnight RSF drone attack threatened the planned resumption of domestic flights at Khartoum’s airport and followed two reported strikes on army bases northwest of the city.
Open source reportThere's credible evidence that the military has committed many horrific crimes of its own... The UN Human Rights Office (OHCHR)'s latest report on Sudan... noted that both sides have escalated attacks near civilian centers in 2025, leading to a near doubling in civilian fatalities in the first six months of this year vs. last year.
According to an OHCHR, report the finding that both sides escalated attacks near civilian centers in 2025, nearly doubling civilian fatalities during the first half of the year compared with the same period in 2024. Serious abuses by Sudan’s military.
Open source reportSudan's military blamed the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) for a "horrific" drone strike that killed over 70 worshippers at a mosque in Darfur on Friday.
Sudan’s military accused the Rapid Support Forces of conducting a drone strike that killed more than 70 worshippers at a mosque in Darfur.
Open source reportAfter yesterday's report that Colombian fighters were aboard the Nyala-bound plane, Petro called for a ban on mercenary activity.
Colombian President Gustavo Petro appeared to acknowledge reports of Colombian fighters serving with the RSF and called for mercenary activity to be banned following the Nyala aircraft incident.
Open source reportSudan (credibly) accuses the UAE of supplying the RSF with weapons and mercenaries, and says Nyala airport is the main entry point for both.
As credible Sudan's accusations that the UAE supplies the RSF with weapons and mercenaries through Nyala airport.
Open source reportState media reported that Sudan's air force blew up an Emirati plane carrying 40 Colombian mercenaries as it landed at Darfur's Nyala airport, which is controlled by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) fighting the army.
Sudanese state media claims that Sudan's air force destroyed an Emirati aircraft carrying 40 Colombian mercenaries as it landed at RSF-controlled Nyala airport.
Open source reportThe army and the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) are now battling over Kordofan... civilians in El Fasher... are starving en masse under the RSF's siege of the city. Neither side is gaining much traction, and the conflict looks likely to grind on.
The Sudanese Armed Forces and Rapid Support Forces are contesting Kordofan while the RSF besieges army-held El Fasher. Widespread civilian suffering; neither belligerent is gaining decisive traction.
Open source reportlocal reports claimed that fighters loyal to Libya's eastern commander, Khalifa Haftar, crossed the border to help the RSF capture the triangle region.
Local claims that fighters loyal to eastern Libyan commander Khalifa Haftar crossed into Sudan to support the RSF’s operation in the triangle region.
Open source reportSudan's paramilitary Rapid Support Forces (RSF) claimed it captured the strategic "triangle" region bordering Egypt and Libya.
The RSF claimed the strategic triangle adjoining Egypt and Libya. It adds that Sudan’s military acknowledged retreating from the area as part of what it called defensive arrangements.
Open source reportThe army now claims that the RSF has fled Omdurman, but ongoing gunfire suggests that claim may be premature.
Fighting in Omdurman; the army’s claim that the Rapid Support Forces had fled was called into question by continuing gunfire. The army had recaptured nearby Khartoum roughly two months earlier but had not secured the wider capital state.
Open source reportwith the Rapid Support Forces strafing the junta's interim capital in Port Sudan, the idea of civilian government still seems far off.
The Rapid Support Forces are attacking the military-led authorities’ interim capital in Port Sudan; civilian government remains distant despite the prime-ministerial appointment.
Open source reportSudan's military leader, Abdel Fatah al-Burhan, appointed former UN official Kamil Idris as the junta's prime minister.
Military leader Abdel Fatah al-Burhan appointed former UN official Kamil Idris, making him Sudan’s first prime minister since the 2021 coup. The African Union welcomed the appointment as movement toward civilian government.
Open source reportThe SAF accused the RSF of killing over 30 civilians yesterday in the course of its offensive to capture El Fasher
A Sudanese Armed Forces accusation that the Rapid Support Forces killed more than 30 civilians during its offensive to capture El Fasher, described as the only major Darfur city outside RSF control.
Open source reportThe European Commission and its member states marked the end of this week's high-level summit on the war in Sudan - which excluded both parties fighting in it - with aid pledges totaling €522 million ($600 million).
The European Commission and EU member states pledged €522 million at a summit that excluded both Sudanese belligerents. The amount is roughly double the prior year's EU allocation but remains far below a stated $3.8 billion UN funding gap for 2025.
Open source reportThe SAF accused the RSF of killing over 30 civilians yesterday in the course of its offensive to capture El Fasher, which is the capital of North Darfur and the only major city in Darfur that the RSF doesn't control.
An SAF allegation that RSF forces killed more than 30 civilians during an operation to capture El Fasher.
Open source reportThe European Commission and its member states marked the end of this week's high-level summit on the war in Sudan - which excluded both parties fighting in it - with aid pledges totaling €522 million ($600 million). That's almost exactly double the amount the European Union earmarked for Sudan last year, but it doesn't come close to filling the $3.8 billion gap in additional emergency funding that the UN says Sudan still needs for 2025.
The European Commission and EU member states pledged €522 million in aid while asserting that a $3.8 billion UN emergency-funding gap remained for 2025.
Open source reportSeparately, the army retook Khartoum airport from the RSF.
Sudan’s army recaptured Khartoum airport from the Rapid Support Forces.
Open source reportSudan's military is facing criticism for an airstrike on a market in Darfur that killed dozens to hundreds of civilians on Monday.
A Sudanese military airstrike on a Darfur market killed dozens to hundreds of civilians. The military denied targeting civilians; both the military and Rapid Support Forces have faced accusations of shelling civilian areas.
Open source reportThe army's recent success in Khartoum doesn't mean the war is over: the RSF still holds parts of the capital, as well as large swathes of western Sudan.
Recent army gains do not end the war because the RSF retains parts of Khartoum and extensive territory in western Sudan.
Open source reportAfter seizing the presidential palace from the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) on Friday, Sudan's military continued to retake key sites in Khartoum. Over the weekend, it recaptured the Central Bank, the intelligence headquarters, and the Corinthia Hotel.
Following its seizure of the presidential palace from the RSF, Sudan’s military recaptured the Central Bank, intelligence headquarters and Corinthia Hotel over the weekend.
Open source reportAP reported that U.S. and Israeli envoys pitched at least three East African governments - Sudan, Somalia, and Somaliland - on the idea of accepting resettled Gazans.
U.S. and Israeli envoys approached Sudan, Somalia and Somaliland about accepting Gazans. Sudan rejected the proposal, while Somali and Somalilander officials denied being approached or considering it.
Open source reportSudan's Rapid Support Forces (RSF) said that it, too, plans to form a new government for Sudan.
The RSF intends to establish a government competing with one the SAF plans to form after retaking Khartoum, potentially formalizing Sudan’s division between the warring factions.
Open source reportMeanwhile, the military is gaining ground against the RSF in Omdurman, which is across the Nile from Khartoum.
Sudan’s military is gaining territory against the RSF in Omdurman, across the Nile from Khartoum.
Open source reportThe genocide accusation and attached sanctions won't have much of an immediate effect on the raging war since Hemedti is already well armed. In fact, the move could turn out to be counterproductive if it repels Hemedti from negotiations.
The sanctions are unlikely to alter the war immediately because Dagalo is already well armed and could reduce his willingness to negotiate.
Open source reportThe U.S. Treasury formally accused the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) of perpetrating genocide in Sudan and slapped additional sanctions on RSF leader Gen. Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo (aka Hemedti) and seven Emirati companies that have helped him export gold and import weapons.
The U.S. Treasury accused the Rapid Support Forces of genocide and sanctioned RSF leader Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo and seven Emirati companies involved in gold exports and weapons imports. This is the second U.S. genocide determination concerning Sudan, following the Darfur-era determination involving the Janjaweed.
Open source reportThe RSF still controls most of southwest Sudan, and the army likely wants to improve its negotiating position by locking in more territorial gains before talks begin.
The Sudanese army was unwilling to negotiate immediately because it likely sought to secure further territorial gains before entering talks, despite RSF openness to a truce.
Open source reportThe Economist reported that the Sudanese army has made clear recent gains against the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) in central Sennar state and Khartoum in recent weeks.
According to The Economist, a report that the Sudanese armed forces made gains against the Rapid Support Forces in central Sennar State and Khartoum. The RSF retained control across much of southwestern Sudan.
Open source reportThe UN undersecretary-general for political and peacebuilding affairs called for unspecified countries and third-parties to stop sending weapons to the RSF and the Sudanese Armed Forces (SAF).
A UN official urged outside actors to stop arming both sides. The UAE and Russia’s Africa Corps support the RSF, while Egypt is aligned with the SAF and Iran is considering providing the SAF with weapons.
Open source reportThe U.S. Treasury sanctioned the Rapid Support Forces (RSF) commander in West Darfur, Abdel Rahman Juma Barkalla, because of the human rights abuses his troops committed in the region under his command - including kidnapping and killing the regional governor.
The U.S. Treasury sanctioned RSF commander Abdel Rahman Juma Barkalla over abuses committed by forces under his command in West Darfur, including the kidnapping and killing of the regional governor.
Open source report“The UAE has been supporting the Rapid Support Forces, and will object to UN peacekeeper scrutiny.”
The United Arab Emirates supports the Rapid Support Forces; Abu Dhabi would object to scrutiny by UN peacekeepers.
Open source report“A UN-backed team in Sudan concluded that both sides - the Rapid Support Forces and the military - may have committed war crimes and crimes against humanity.”
A UN-backed team concluded that both the Sudanese military and Rapid Support Forces may have committed war crimes and crimes against humanity, and recommended an arms embargo and UN peacekeeping force.
Open source reportHis side didn't show up to peace talks in Geneva, which ended on Friday without a deal. However, army representatives participated by phone, and the two sides were able to make some minor progress on improving aid flows.
Forces aligned with Gen. Abdel Fatah Al Burhan did not attend the Geneva talks in person, although army representatives participated by telephone and the parties made minor progress on humanitarian aid flows. According to Al Burhan, a vow to fight for 100 years.
Open source reportGen. al Burhan seemed to squash that idea with an impossible pre-condition: he wants Hemedti's RSF to fully withdraw from Sudan's cities before talks take place.
Gen. Abdel Fattah al-Burhan conditioned talks with Mohamed Hamdan Dagalo’s Rapid Support Forces on their full withdrawal from Sudanese cities, undercutting reports of imminent negotiations in Jeddah.
Open source reportHuman Rights Watch accused the Rapid Support Forces and its (mostly Arab) allies of genocide against the (non-Arab) Massalit in El Geneina, West Darfur.
Human Rights Watch accused the Rapid Support Forces and allied forces of genocide against the Massalit in El Geneina and called for an investigation and an arms embargo on Sudan.
Open source reportthe U.S. asked the UAE and other allies to stop arming the Rapid Support Forces. (The UAE insists it "is not supplying any arms or ammunition to any faction engaged in the ongoing conflict in Sudan," but evidence suggests it actually is.)
The United States asked the UAE and other allies to halt weapons support for Sudan’s Rapid Support Forces. Continued UAE support despite an Emirati denial.
Open source reportSudan's Rapid Support Forces are eyeing an assault on El Fasher, which is the last major city in Darfur still controlled by the government.
The Rapid Support Forces are preparing for a possible assault on El Fasher, described as the last major Darfur city controlled by the government. A battle could be especially bloody given Darfur's history of mass violence.
Open source reportSudan's government was offended by what it called "unprofessional reporting and harmful publications" by Saudi and Emirati media outlets and suspended several of them.
Sudan suspended Al Arabiya, Al Hadath and Sky News Arabia over reporting it considered harmful or unprofessional. It connects the Sky News Arabia action to Sudanese accusations that the UAE supports the Rapid Support Forces, while characterizing the Saudi outlet suspensions as less expected.
Open source report